Judiciary System of India
The judiciary of India is a
comprehensive system of courts responsible for interpreting and applying the
law within the Republic of India. It operates under a common law system,
initially introduced by the British East India Company and influenced by other
colonial powers, Indian princely states, and historical practices from ancient
and medieval periods. The Constitution of India establishes the framework for a
single, unified judiciary.
The structure of the Indian
judiciary is hierarchical, with the Supreme Court (SC) at the apex. Below the
SC are the High Courts, followed by district and subordinate courts. The lower
courts operate under the direct supervision of the higher courts, ensuring a
coherent and integrated judicial system.
The Constitution, along with other laws and regulations, forms the foundation of this system, primarily based on British law but adapted to suit the Indian context.
These laws and the Constitution are fundamental in determining the composition, jurisdiction, and powers of each court. The following discussion will outline the features and roles of these three types of courts within India's judicial system.
Hierarchy of Courts
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